Fig. 3
From: Retinoblastoma: present scenario and future challenges
Retinoblastoma cancer signalling. Major signalling pathways that undergo concomitant deregulation during retinoblastoma (Created using Biorender) The abbreviations ATM (Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated), CHK1/2 (Checkpoint Kinase 1/2), HDAC(Histone Deacetylase), BRG (ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler SMARCA4), CDK2(Cyclin Dependent Kinase 2), MEK(Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase), ERK (Extracellular signal-regulated kinase), ARF (Alternate open reading frame), MDM2 (Murine Double Minute 2), MDM4(Murine Double Minute 4), HDM2(Human Double Minute 2), AKT (Protein kinase B), mTOR(Mammalian Target of Rapamycin)