Fig. 3

Iqub knockout causes asthenozoospermia with RS1 loss in mice. A Pup birth quantification per vaginal plug of Iqub^+/+, Iqub^+/−, and Iqub^−/− mice. No pregnancy occurred in females mated with Iqub^−/− male mice. Data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 6, *** P < 0.001). B Testes and epididymis from 9-week-old Iqub^+/+, Iqub^+/−, and Iqub^−/− mice. C The ratios of testis/body in Iqub^+/+, Iqub^+/−, and Iqub^−/− mice were not significantly different. n = 4, P > 0.05. D Sperm number obtained from cauda epididymal of Iqub^+/+ and Iqub^−/− mice. n = 4. E and F Percentage of motile spermatozoa and progressively motile spermatozoa from Iqub^+/+ and Iqub^−/− mice. n = 4, *** P < 0.001. G and H Both Papanicolaou staining and scanning electron microscopy showed normal sperm morphology of Iqub^−/− mice. Scale bars, 5 μm. I Spermatozoa cross-sections of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed nine radial spokes (RSs) regularly arranged in Iqub^+/+ mice and partial loss of RSs (red arrow) in Iqub^−/− mice. J Percentage of cross-sections with RSs loss in Iqub^+/+ and Iqub^−/− mice. K Spermatozoa longitudinal-sections of TEM showed that RS1-3 were arranged in 96-nm repeats in Iqub^+/+ mice, while in Iqub^−/− mice there were only two intact RSs per 96-nm repeat without RS1. Red arrow indicates RS1, green arrow indicates RS2, and cyan arrow indicates RS3. Blue rectangles represent the region where the gray values are measured. L Sperm movement paths and flagellar swing amplitudes in Iqub^+/+ and Iqub^−/− mice